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A Drought Resistant Display
If you are looking for something different
to fill a space on your patio and you have some room to over winter plants in a
frost free place, why not start a succulent collection? Even better, if you
want to liven up your conservatory you can keep your display looking good all
year round!
With the effects of global warming being
felt in many UK gardens and
hosepipe bans even coming into effect in Cumbria, these drought tolerant
plants provide an interesting alternative to the normal bedding plant display.
The fleshy leaves of succulents come in a wide variety of sizes, shapes and
colours from deep purple to glaucous grey and bright green. Some of them even
have exotic flowers of their own but these are often small. They are versatile
evergreens that look great mixed in together, possibly with strong
architectural plants such as Phormiums or bright bedding plants dotted between.
So which to choose?
Sempervivums or houseleeks are a hardy
species which are easy to obtain and you may already have growing in your
garden. They are drought resistant succulents which form rosettes in a wide
variety of colours from green to purple, some with darker or lighter tips and
some covered in fine down. They produce runners in summer from which a new
rosette will form to produce a clump of different sized rosettes. When mature,
they will produce a scaly stem bearing a cluster of flowers at the top, often
in pink. Once this has seeded the mother rosette will die leaving the offsets
to continue. Propagation is by removal of young rosettes, often with roots,
which can be gently pushed into compost and left to establish. They can be
grown almost anywhere as long as there is sun and good drainage, try them in
pots as part of a larger display or in an alpine trough.
Aeonium's are tree-like with rosettes of
succulent leaves arranged at the end of each naked branch. They can grow to
about 3ft and will provide height in a display without being too heavy. They
are not frost hardy and once they flower and seed the rosette will die. One way
to avoid this and also keep the plant to a reasonable size is to cut a section
of stem off and replant it. Often the remaining stem will sprout a number of
side shoots each bearing a rosette. Aeonium ‘Zwartkop' is stunningly beautiful,
starting the summer with green rosettes that darken through purple to almost black
with exposure to the sun.
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The large sculptural shape of the desert Agave
gives another dimension to a succulent display. Choose Agave americana for a brighter display with its
spiny curved leaves of variegated gold and green or the smaller Agave parryi
for cooler colour combinations with its stiff, blue-grey leaves radiating from
a basal rosette. Mature plants (7 to 20 years old) may produce a tall stem
bearing creamy-yellow flowers. Propogation is usually from offsets produced at
the base of the plant, cut these off with a portion of the parent stem then
leave for a couple of weeks to form a callous and plant in gritty compost.
Other species which you could include are:
- Crassula falcata which has fleshy, twisted grey leaves arranged
around a stem.
- Echeveria which comes in a variety of shades and rosette shapes,
Echeveria gibbiflora var. metallica has grey-green fleshy leaves suffused
with pink or Echeveria elegans which is a silvery blue clump former.
- Aloe striatula, with long, spiny-edged grey-green leaves and
yellow poker-shaped flowers, which can reach 3ft tall.
- Euphorbia myrsinites, a hardy prostrate Euphorbia with glaucous
succulent leaves along its stems or Euphorbia milii (Crown of Thorns), an
upright, tender Euphorbia with spines and green leaves with red bracts
surrounding the flowers in summer.
- Sedum - the choice of sedums for this type of display is almost
bewildering. They range from tiny, innocent-looking but rampantly
spreading evergreen ones through to herbaceous perennials, but in nearly
every case are hardy and easy to grow.
Succulents have evolved over time in order
to survive life in arid environments. They have the capacity to store water in
their fleshy leaves to carry them through drought conditions. Some are found in
rocky deserts whilst others come from mountainous regions, where they have to
cope with extreme cold as well as heat. This means that they prefer to be kept
in a well drained soil, so mix soil-based compost, such as John Innes No 2, with
plenty of grit or vermiculite and make sure the container you use has drainage
holes with a layer of crocks. Larger pots can be half-filled with polystyrene packing
to make them easier to move in winter. You may not need to water during the
summer, apart from a foliar feed, but I would advise using a vine weevil
control such as Provado in late summer as many succulents are a tasty treat for
the grubs.
Many succulent species will not survive
outdoors over winter but others can withstand a certain degree of cold weather.
If you live in a frost free area or have a frost free micro-climate in your
garden you may get away with leaving some of them outside but they will not
relish the wind and damp. If you experience low winter temperatures it is
better to be safe rather than sorry and move them into a frost free greenhouse,
a garage with some natural light or a window sill in a cool place like a spare
room. Water sparingly over winter to keep them on the dry side otherwise they
may rot.
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If you don't mind watering some plants and
want to make your display really stand out you could introduce some colour to
set off the exotic shapes of your succulents. If you have stuck to the cooler
glaucous greys you could introduce blues and pinks with pale pink and white
Impatiens, rich purple Begonia rex ‘Helen Lewis' and flowing grasses in shades
of blue. If you want to really make a statement, go for hot colours, reds and
oranges including Crocosmia, Dahlia's, Rudbeckia and deep purple Phormium.
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Transform Your Garden
Transform your garden with an instant
makeover. These quick, simple ideas will achieve fresh new looks in key areas
and create beautiful focal points in no time at all.
Add a Structural Focal Point
For a fabulous focal point with a hint of
romance, it's hard to beat an arbour. It draws the eye and gives the garden a
reason for 'being' - so that you can sit in it's midst and enjoy the scents,
colours and sounds. An arbour can also act as a decorative screen, hiding
something unsightly like a compost heap or an area at the end of the
garden which is difficult to cultivate because of dry shade or poor drainage. It can also be used to create some mystery by hiding what lies beyond. This partition can
provide space for a separately themed area with a completely different look to that of the main garden - maybe a jungle paradise or a vegetable plot.
There are many different options available
and a great selection of products on our website from Forest Garden
and Plum Products. The two main questions you need to ask yourself are what
effect are you trying to create and how much space have you got? If you want to
create a focal point to make people stop and look at the garden then you need
to work out whether you only have room for a bench or whether you have space
for an arbour or gazebo. If you want to create a sense of movement and flow
which will draw people through to the next bit of the garden then you want to
think about using an archway or pergola, possibly with some fencing or
screening either side.
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Whichever structure you decide upon you need to then consider its design. Look at what is available and which
materials would look good in your garden and are in keeping with your house. A
modern house with a patio or decking would probably suit the clean lines of a
simple arbour like the one shown. However, the elegant simplicity of this
wooden design would make an attractive addition to any garden and can be
stained or painted to complement its surroundings. If you want to entice people
to sit down, enhance your new seating area even further by providing
cushions and planting up a variety of interesting terracotta pots with scented
plants.
If you are creating a boundary to another
area you have to decide how much or little you want visible as people get
closer. You can use traditional willow hurdles for a complete screen or an open
fence of rustic poles to allow a view of what lies beyond! Whichever you choose
they will provide robust support for climbing plants. A pergola or arch part
way along this fence would also make a great focal point and could be used to frame the
view or a particular feature.
Add a Garden Feature
You could consider adding something static such as a large ceramic pot, a statue or a bird bath. Or how about introducing motion with the gentle murmur of
a water feature, this will not only transform your garden but provide an
enduring talking point too. You will need to connect it to a waterproof
electrical supply but any self-contained water feature uses its own water
supply held in a container below. You just need to keep it topped up as water
evaporates and if you use Algon Organic cleaner your water feature will be kept
clear of unwanted algae. As Algon is organic it is chemical free, harmless to
pets and long-lasting.
We have a number of self-contained water
features from Kelkay on our website. Their range is varied to suit individual
taste and different garden designs from traditional to modern and also includes
a number with lights so you can enjoy them whilst sitting out on warm summer evenings.
They have a range of naturalistic water features like the Hollow Log Stream Fountain shown, which
would look ideal nestled among your plants providing a mesmerising cascade.
Create instant impact
If you want to smarten your garden up,
one of the easiest ways to give the whole garden a neat, professional finish is
to add definition with edging and borders. Once again the materials you choose
need to be in keeping with the rest of the garden, house and patio. You can put
a neat edge around your lawn with plastic edging strips which will still allow
you to mow but prevent weeds creeping into your border. Alternatively, you can
put in taller edging to give you a raised bed which, if bordering a lawn, will
need strimming to keep neat. There are several options such as landscaping
sleepers, mini sleepers , border log rolls and horizontal border edging. These can be
especially useful if you want a planted border at the edge of your patio
because they give a neat edge which contains the soil whilst providing extra
soil depth in what is usually a difficult area to plant.
Wall Space
Last if not least, don't forget your walls.
Wall space offers a wonderful opportunity to add features to provide increased
interest in your garden. Attach decorative trellis and grow scented climbers, The Venice Planter comes complete with trellis so you can have them on the patio
too. You can also attach decorative metalwork pot holders to the wall and you have got a great place to grow herbs, tumbling tomatoes or strawberries. There is also a huge choice in wall art around at the moment too. You can try coating with exterior varnish to slow down the rusting process or let it age naturally and blend in.
With a bit of imagination, planning and a trip to the garden centre, you can freshen up your garden with a new look this summer and impress all your friends!
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Perennial Perfection
Which plant group is the backbone of the summer garden, delivering colour,
fragrance and attracting the attention of beneficial wildlife and humans
alike? The answer is perennials, that wonderful family of herbaceous plants
that launch into life every spring.
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Think of the stars of borders in gardens big and small and the chances are they
will be perennials. Colour is key with perennials - there is such a varied
palette to choose from. It's up to you to decide the mood you want as the
garden backdrop to your life - the excitement or vibrancy of red, the romance
of pink or the calm of blue and for a plant family that offers all of these and
more, look no further than perennial Salvia. This is a large and varied genus
which includes the herb sage as well as more tender exotic varieties.
Offering true perennial perfection, these are a wonderful choice for
gardeners looking to bring stunning colour and style to their borders. There is
an amazing range to select from, many of them Award of Garden Merit holders, so
you can be sure of getting top performance. If you are a keen gardener you
may have followed the RHS Chelsea Flower Show this year where the Best in Show
was awarded to Andy Sturgeon's garden sponsored by The Daily Telegraph. Stephen
Lacey said that the "purples of the Salvia's (Salvia nemorosa ‘Caradonna') and
Aquilegia's are the perfect companion to the coppers and bronzes".
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Some Salvias are great for attracting beneficial wildlife, including butterflies
and bees. This will give a boost to the overall health of both your
garden and the surrounding environment - so what are you waiting for? Like
most perennials, Salvias are easy to look after. Some are fully hardy
across the UK,
but others are less so and in certain areas may be better looked on as
annuals. Now is a great time to plant container grown plants and many
salvias are drought tolerant, once established. This makes them a
fantastic asset if you are gardening in a drier area. Your local garden centre
will be delighted to help with advice.
Here are some suggestions:
- Salvia nemorosa ‘Caradonna' - a wonderful compact,
clum-forming perennial reaching about 75cm in height, bearing violet to purple
flowers with striking black stems, fully hardy.
- Salvia officinalis - a foliage plant with
culinary uses, evergreen and hardy, up to 80cm high.
- Salvia coccinea ‘Lady in Red' - great for a
summer show of red flowers (tender). The closely related ‘Lady in White'
bears white flowers.
- Salvia patens ‘Cambridge Blue' is frost hardy
(safe down to -5 degrees C) and produces very elegant, pale blue flowers.
- Salvia pratensis is a clump-forming perennial
with a woody base. Up to 90cm in height and bearing flowers of violet,
though in some case may be pink or white.
- Salvia nemorosa Ostfriesland ("East Friesland")
stands out in the border because it has ultramarine
flowers backed by claret bracts. It grows to approximately 2ft and needs to be cut
back hard when the flowers fade to encourage repeat flowering.
- Salvia guaranitica ‘Blue Enigma' has Royal blue flowers on
stems reaching 3ft - 3ft 6in tall. The leaves are crinkled and have an aniseed
scent and it flowers best in a fairly rich soil. It is fully hardy, although it
dies back to its underground tubers in winter.
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Salvias are a sun-loving plant, so grow in either full sun or dappled shade
to get flowers from summer through to early autumn. Soils need to be
well-drained and moderately fertile. Remove flowers once they have ‘gone over'
(dead heading) and trim any shoots that spoil symmetry in late spring.
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Grow Your Own Fruit
Make space for your favourite fruit crops
and you will soon be reaping the mouth-watering rewards of unbeatable freshness
and fantastic flavour.
What could be more magical than wandering
out into the garden on a summer's day and picking your own fresh fruit straight
from the bush or tree? Luscious strawberries, blackberries, gooseberries and
blackcurrants can all be at your fingertips, and they are much easier to grow
than you might think. Even if you have a small plot there is room to squeeze in
some of these delicious healthy treats. You can even grow your own juicy
peaches on your patio and find room for a miniature apple tree. We have rounded
up eight irresistible varieties to look out for in our garden centre.
Apple ‘Scrumptious'
‘Scrumptious' by name and scrumptious by
nature, this is a rosy red, mid-season dessert apple with deliciously crisp,
white flesh that is sweet but not too sweet. Its small-ish size gives it
instant snack appeal so it's popular with children. It's bred for high yield
and disease-resistance too. Where space is limited, choose a minarette (a
slender, columnar tree) and grow it in a pot.
Peach ‘Garden Lady'
The beautiful pink flowers of ‘Garden Lady'
are followed by sweet and juicy fruits with yellow flesh. Bred as a dwarf
variety, it is ideal for growing in a free-draining pot on a sunny patio, and
as it is self-fertile it doesn't need to be grown with another variety for
cross-pollination. Give it winter protection in an unheated greenhouse and bring
it out in late May for a tasty crop in July.
Blackcurrant ‘Ben Connan'
A small bush variety, ‘Ben Connan' is a
good choice for small gardens as it's early to ripen and produces lots of large
glossy berries on short trusses, which are ready to harvest from mid-July
onwards. Choose a sunny spot, keep it well watered and you will have plenty of
tasty fruit for pies and jams to use straight away or freeze for later.
Gooseberry ‘Invicta'
The RHS have awarded ‘Invicta' their
coveted Award of Garden Merit for its excellent cropping and mildew resistance.
It produces large, pale green fruits that are perfect for pies, fools, jams and
freezing. When they are fully ripe they are even sweet enough to eat fresh from
the bush. ‘Invicta' is self-fertile so it's fine if you only have room for the
one.
Apple ‘Coronet Family'
With a ‘Coronet Family' tree you get two
apple varieties for the price of one: for example, the bright red ‘Elstar' and
the tangy, soft textured ‘James Grieve' both on the same tree. Bred as a miniature
(it stands just 2m tall) it can be grown in the smallest of gardens. Plant it
in well-fertilised compost in a nice big pot and you will harvest delicious
apples every year. Other varieties include Cox's Orange
pippin and Katy.
Blackberries and Blueberries
Blackberries and blueberries pack a
powerful punch on the health front. Along with blackcurrants, raspberries and
apples, they are counted as ‘superfoods', as they are loaded with vitamin C and
antioxidants, which are said to help prevent premature ageing and give your
immune system a boost. If you grow your own, you can be sure of getting the
maximum benefit from eating them fresh because commercially grown fruit has to
be transported and stored, giving the vitamin C a chance to deteriorate.
Blueberry ‘Patriot'
With pretty white flowers in spring,
delicious fruit in summer and fantastic autumn colour, blueberries have it all.
Acid soil is essential so if you don't have that, grow them in a pot filled
with ericaceous compost (as used for rhododendrons); water well and feed once a
week. ‘Patriot' is partially self-fertile so it will crop on its own, but for
better results, grow a second variety too, such as ‘Bluecrop' so they will
cross pollinate.
Blackberry ‘Loch
Maree'
Thornless ‘Loch Maree' is both pretty and
fruitful - a great combination. It's unusual in that is has double, pink
flowers, which are followed by a generous crop of super-sweet, tasty berries in
August and September. It's an easy-growing variety, and you can even grow it in
a pot on your patio. For best results, add some well-rotted organic matter to
make the soil more moisture-retentive.
Blackberry ‘Black Butte' - New for 2010
The blackberry ‘Black Butte' is a fairly
recent introduction from America,
and it's a whopper! The conical berries are nearly twice the size of other
blackberry varieties and can measure up to 5cm (2in) in length and weigh up to
12g each. Give it a sunny spot and some well-drained soil and it will romp
away, giving you a heavy crop about a month earlier than most other varieties.
The flavour is sweet and delicious - perfect in fruit salads, pies and
smoothies.
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Enjoy the outside life
Breakfast in the garden, sharing a glass of wine on the patio, a barbecue
for family and friends - it's all possible at this time of year. It is almost a
waste to go on holiday! If you are going away, don't forget to ask a good neighbour or friend to look
after your pots and containers - they will need regular watering. The pond also
needs to be topped up regularly: in warm weather the water evaporates quite
quickly. This causes the water level to drop, and pond plants can end up dry.
The scent of the garden indoors
Don't you just love that flowering lavender? You can continue to enjoy it
once it has finished flowering! Here's how:
- Harvest
the flowers and hang them up to dry in an airy, cool spot.
- Once dry
you can distribute the lavender between a couple of cotton or linen bags
and place them amongst clothing or under your pillow.
- You'll be
able to enjoy the delicious, restful lavender scent for days to come.
Tasty harvest
Have you sown herbs in your garden? If you
harvest them now, you will be able add a little something extra to your meals.
Pick sage and bay leaves and dry them. If you store them in an air-tight
container or glass pot, they will remain useable for a long time.
Replant bearded iris
- Iris
germanica flower profusely in June and then die off above ground. If they
have been in the same place for about five years, they need to be dug up
and the rhizomes need to be divided and planted anew if you want to see
profuse flowering next year.
- These
irises like a dry and sunny spot.
- Mix some
extra lime into the soil.
- The tops
of the rhizome should protrude slightly above the soil.
- Plant them
in a north-south direction.
Planting & Sowing
- July is also the perfect month for sowing biennial plants such
as pansies and forget-me-nots. Keep the seeds nice and damp for the best
results.
- Buy and plant autumn flowering bulbs such as Colchicum for late
colour. This late flowering bulb resembles a crocus and prefers well
drained soil. It can be naturalised under trees in bold drifts - plant
with the base of the bulb at about 13cm (5") below the soil surface.
- Sow salads and spinach and container sown leeks and brassicas for
winter and early spring crops - see our ‘grow your own' article.
Pruning
- Shrubs like Kolkwitzia, Weigela and mock orange
(Philadelphus coronarius) will have finished flowering at the end of this month
and can then be pruned straightaway. Prune just above the new shoots or cut the
branches down to just above ground level.
- Wisteria forms many searching shoots which may
extend to spots where you don't want them to be. Cut them back to around
fifteen centimetres.
- Cut away excessive foliage on grapes which can
impede the formation of fruit and cut back shoots which have overshot.
- Summer raspberries will usually have finished by
the end of July. All the stems which have borne fruit can then be cut back as
far as possible. Tie good new shoots (no more than fifteen per linear metre),
cut back all other shoots.
- Hedges can still be trimmed. The more you trim,
the denser a hedge becomes. Of course this works best with a fast-growing
hedge.
- Take cuttings of evergreens such as
rhododendrons, camellias and heathers.
Maintenance
- Some plants can easily develop wildshoots. New
shoots can then emerge from the roots anywhere nearby. Well-known examples are
Staghorn Sumac, Kerria, raspberry, blackberry, sea buckthorn, all sorts of
bamboos and Campsis.
- Various perennials like lupins, Delphiniums,
Salvia x superba and Achillea taygetea will give a second flowering under good
conditions if they are cut back after the first flowering. Often this will be
in July.
- Keep on top of watering, plants in grow bags
such as tomatoes, newly planted trees and newly turfed or sown lawns all need
extra care during the hot weather. You can also avoid mildew on wall trained
roses and honeysuckle by extra watering.
- Keep your tubs, pots and hanging baskets looking
good by regular watering and feeding with tomato fertiliser to promote
flowering.
Pond Life
- The
floating and underwater plants will grow vigorously. There may be a need
to thin them regularly.
- To keep
the pond healthy it is essential to maintain open water.
- Leave
plants that you remove from the pond lying on the side for a while so that
any small creatures in them can make their back to the water.
- The same applies to filament algae that you
remove from the pond (which may also be necessary regularly).
- If there is enough oxygen in the pond water, it
will not become acidic. The best thing to do is to ensure that there are enough
oxygenators (underwater plants) in the pond. By keeping the water healthy in
this way your pond plants will grow better and fish will remain healthier.
- If the water lilies develop too many leaves and
hardly flower, it is time to divide their rhizomes and plant them anew.
- In warm weather you need to top up your pond
regularly, since the water evaporates quickly and the water level will drop
even more rapidly if there are a lot of marginal plants in the pond water.
- If possible, use mains water for this. Ensure that the water jet never hits the pond
directly and hard if there are fish in the pond.
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Garden Furniture
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